How does the kidney work?
Each of your kidneys is made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The nephrons work through a two-step process: the glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule returns needed substances to your blood and removes wastes.
Each nephron has a glomerulus to filter your blood and a tubule that returns needed substances to your blood and pulls out additional wastes. Wastes and extra water become urine.
Your blood circulates through your kidneys many times a day. In a single day, your kidneys filter about 150 quarts of blood. Most of the water and other substances that filter through your glomeruli are returned to your blood by the tubules. Only 1 to 2 quarts become urine.
Unfiltered blood flows into your kidneys through the renal artery and filtered blood exits through your renal vein. The ureter carries urine from the kidney to your bladder.
Comparison between Healthy and Damaged Kidneys
A healthy kidney efficiently filters waste and fluids, maintains electrolyte balance, regulates blood pressure, produces beneficial hormones, preserves bone health, and enhances blood circulation. In contrast, a damaged kidney experiences reduced function, leading to waste accumulation, electrolyte imbalance, challenging blood pressure control, hindered hormone secretion, weakened bones, and overall health risks. Early monitoring and management of kidney health are crucial to prevent further damage.
Factors affecting kidney health
Unhealthy kidney Symptoms
The signs and symptoms of CKD can develop over time if kidney damage progresses slowly. Loss of kidney function can lead to increased fluid or waste products, electrolyte problems, and lymphedema, among other things. Depending on the severity, loss of kidney function may result in:
How to Determine the Stages of Kidney Disease
Stage 1: Kidney Health (Stage 1): GFR is normal, but there may be other kidney issues or risk factors present.
Stage 2: Mild Kidney Damage (Stage 2): GFR slightly declines but remains within the normal range, often accompanied by other kidney issues.
Stage 3: Moderate Kidney Damage (Stage 3): GFR further decreases, possibly between 30-59 mL/min/1.73m². This stage may show mild symptoms like fatigue and swelling.
Stage 4: Moderate to Severe Kidney Damage (Stage 4): GFR continues to decline, potentially between 15-29 mL/min/1.73m². More noticeable symptoms might occur, such as anemia and skeletal problems.
Stage 5: Kidney Failure (Stage 5): GFR is very low, below 15 mL/min/1.73m². This is the most severe stage, requiring kidney replacement therapies like dialysis or kidney transplantation.
If your kidneys are already in Stage 5, kidney patches can only alleviate its complications rather than provide a curative effect. For stages above Stage 4, kidney patches can be used to intervene artificially and aid in the recovery of kidney function.
Importance of Healthy Kidneys
Your kidneys filter waste and excess fluids from your body. They also regulate fluid and blood pressure. Additionally, your kidneys help remove acids produced by your body’s cells and maintain a healthy balance of water, salt, and minerals such as sodium, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium in your blood. Research indicates that approximately 85.97% of toxins, waste, and excess water in the body are eliminated through urine. When healthy, kidneys efficiently remove toxins and waste from the body through urination, promoting lymphatic circulation and processing toxins and waste in the lymphatic system, preventing their accumulation.
Kidneys also make hormones that help
- Controls blood pressure
- Makes red blood cells NIH external link
- Keeps your bones strong and healthy
- Improves bone hematopoietic function
- Enhance blood circulation, lymph circulation
- Eliminate lymphedema
- Preve
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